Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Maryland \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi mang t\u00ean \u201csi\u00eau g\u1ed7\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb g\u1ed7 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n s\u00e1nh ngang th\u00e9p v\u00e0 nh\u00f4m, trong khi nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u hi\u1ebfm hay c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh hai b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a g\u1ed7.<\/p>\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, g\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng natri hydroxit v\u00e0 natri sunfit nh\u1eb1m lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n khi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 k\u00e9m linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e9p n\u00f3ng, khi\u1ebfn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ecb n\u00e9n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo d\u1ea1ng d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c, ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n
Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa g\u1ed7 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nature, nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cho bi\u1ebft si\u00eau g\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ecbu n\u00e9n tr\u00ean 160 megapascal v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ecbu u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t 330 megapascal. \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o t\u0103ng t\u1edbi 5 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi g\u1ed7 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. V\u1edbi g\u1ed7 s\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o t\u0103ng t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 115 megapascal l\u00ean g\u1ea7n 584 megapascal sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n
Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ec1n, si\u00eau g\u1ed7 c\u00f2n kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a g\u1ed7 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u1ea9m, ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p M\u1ef9 cho th\u1ea5y si\u00eau g\u1ed7 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf \u00edt h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi g\u1ed7 ch\u01b0a x\u1eed l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c g\u1ed7 \u00e9p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng khi \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao. Ngay c\u1ea3 sau h\u01a1n 120 gi\u1edd \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i 95%, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n
Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. Theo InventWood, c\u00f4ng ty \u0111ang th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m si\u00eau g\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1t x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y Class A. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a si\u00eau g\u1ed7 v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cao c\u1ea5p, v\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u00edt khi g\u1eafn v\u1edbi g\u1ed7.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a si\u00eau g\u1ed7 l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u00f4ng, d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebft t\u00f9ng. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, thay v\u00ec ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kim lo\u1ea1i khai th\u00e1c t\u1eeb m\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i carbon cao.<\/p>\n
X\u00e9t tr\u00ean g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e9p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn trong t\u1ed5ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i carbon to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t si\u00eau g\u1ed7 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf m\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i carbon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1edbi 90% so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n
Hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. InventWood \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng bao g\u1ed3m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eb9, linh ki\u1ec7n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, m\u00f4-\u0111un l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p s\u1eb5n…<\/p>\n
Si\u00eau g\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u00e9p. Kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u1edf ra h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n
Theo Wonderful Engineering<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 v\u1eeba c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn cho ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1308,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[119,445,444,443],"class_list":["post-936","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghe-moi","tag-cong-nghe","tag-my","tag-sang-che","tag-vat-lieu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/azan.com.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/936","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/azan.com.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/azan.com.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azan.com.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azan.com.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=936"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/azan.com.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/936\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1004,"href":"https:\/\/azan.com.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/936\/revisions\/1004"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azan.com.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1308"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/azan.com.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=936"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azan.com.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=936"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azan.com.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=936"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}